It is a surgery in which all or part of the thyroid gland is removed, depending on the type and extent of the complication. This gland secretes hormones that are responsible for controlling the body's metabolism and regulating the heart rate to control the rate at which calories are burned. This surgery is performed for treatments such as thyroid cancer, goiter and hyperthyroidism. This type of surgery uses general anesthesia, and often a surgical incision is made under the skin wrinkles on the front and bottom of the neck, and depending on the type and cause of the surgery, all or part of the thyroid is removed. To prevent fluid and blood from accumulating under the skin and at the site of surgery, a tube is often inserted into the wound that attaches to the drain outside the patient's body, depending on the type of surgery, it can be easily removed one or two days after surgery without the need for anesthesia or transferring the patient to the operating room. In thyroid surgery, the patient is expected to be hospitalized for three to four days.
Surgical method
We have two main types of thyroidectomies:
A. Typical: involves making an incision in the front and bottom of the neck in the skin fold and giving the surgeon direct access to the thyroid gland.
B. Endoscopy: In this procedure, a surgical instrument and a small video camera are guided to the neck using smaller incisions, allowing the surgeon to access the gland.
The choice of surgical method depends on the patient's opinion, the patient's physical condition and finally the surgeon's opinion. In both cases, if all of the thyroid is removed during surgery, the patient needs to be tested and the amount of medication taken daily to replace thyroid hormones so that the body does not malfunction. However, if a part of the thyroid is removed during surgery, it is likely that treatment with medication is not needed. This decision depends on the surgical condition, the cause of the surgery and the patient's condition, and the treating physician makes the final decision according to the patient.
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